Art of sizing warps



Nov. 18, 1941. w. HARRIS ART oF sIzING wARPs Filed May 29, 1939l ATTQRNEY.

Patented Nov. 18', 1941 UNITED STATES PATE.j

:.zsssu ABT 0F SIZING WABPS William Harrla'raterson. J.

Application May 29, 1939, Serial No. 276,372

(ci. zs-zs) '2 Claims.

Size in solution having been applied to a warp, drying is effected by passingthe warp lengthwise of itself in contact with a succession of rotary heated drums rotated respectively in the-direc tions to advance the warp. 'Ihe size solution is usually applied by a "quetch while the warp is in transit to the drums. As delivered by the drums the warp is usually beamed. or wound on a beam.

The warp must come to the beam in complete-- ly dry state (or with the liquid of the size solution completely evaporated or dispelled) in the sense that at least the sized strands or threads will not adhere together andthus be likely to be broken or otherwise cause trouble when the warp is used in the weaving step.

Another factor which must be taken into account in the drying. of sized warps composed of fibers of certain synthetic materials is that such iibersv when wetted extend or readily yield to extension in length and when they yare subjected to'dring they contract in length. In drying a 'shred warp of this character it is known that the fibers oi its strands or threads or the latter themselves are frequently broken or at least so weakened that they will break in the weaving operation.v This has been because, being wetted and hence lengthened, they then undergo the drying step having their effort to contract opposed by the adhesion, with friction, between them and the succession of drums. One type of such synthetic material is what is known as .fre'

- said successive points and that the contracting eiiort of the portion of the warp at any time within said sone and anterior to the latter point may extend itself substantially completely. By following this procedure, as considerable practice has shown, the warp may be .beamed without' undue adhesion of its component strands in the beamed mass and there will occur no undue weakening of the fibers and hence breakage of them or the strands either during the procedure or afterwards. By my procedure thewarp issues from the treatment substantially in the saine condition or state in;I which it enters yitfirrthese respects: It issues as completely dry for thefpurpose of forming it into a wound compact and, though by the wetting it undergoesk in presence of the size it may temporarily increase issues having substantially no change in length, it in length.

` To illustrate my invention I show in the accompanying drawing and in side elevation the drums of a so-caliitiiafp-sizingY'machine, the quetch and the beaming means (the trame appearing in broken outline); the drums are equipped with gearing designed to accomplish my purpose. However, it-will be understood that the invention is fundamentally concerned with no particular means or mechanism, beingessentlally a method.

In the frame I of the machine are ,iournaledA the drums 2 in the `arrangement shown, they being hollow and heated by steam admitted thereto. as disclosed for instance in the Johnson Patent No. 2,007,828. At 3 is the quetch here having three superposed rollers between two of which the warp extends, the lowest roller dipping in size solution in a tank 3a. ,At 4, is the beam on which to wind the treated warp. The warp a extends from the quetch alternately over and under the drums and to the beam; as usual there is a guiding roller I at the approach side. and another guiding roller i at the discharge side A 0f the drums.

the corresponding lower drum-gear is a pinion 8.

Thus an inter-geared system including the drums is formed. The drive for vthis system maybe afforded by any rotary element. as i, and act through any transmission means, as Ily (see the Johnson patent aforesaid, merely for example). The gearing is such, as by the gears la being 'so graduated from right to1ert (not shown) that point or delivery of the warp therefrom) the uquid (water) of the size solution will have become substantially completely evaporated or dispelled in the sense hereinbefore alluded to and anterior to that point the threads of the warp will be induced to contract substantially completely. Meanwhile, since each drum relatively to the next succeeding drum is rotating at a superior speed, the warp will be impelled toward said point faster than it is at that point advanced, thus to permit the contracting eiort to expend itself; and actually this is to be accomplished according to the invention so that such eort shall substantially completely expend itself.

In drying certain sheet material, as' paper, by passing it through a heated zone, -it is known to impel the sheet at a greater speed at one point in its travel through said zone than at some point at -which it is advanced and later passed thereby, thus to afford some allowance for its contraction or shrinkage. But so far as I know this step has not been employed in the sizing of a warp, and as indicated my method distinguishes from such known procedure in these further respects, to wit: that. it being a size in solution state that is applied to the warp and whose ultimate condition must be taken into account, the dispeliing of the liquid thereof is substantially completed,.

in the sense herein indicated. at some point within theA drying zone, and that, the heating being incidentally such that substantially complete contraction of the fibers is possible, the superior speed at which anterior to said point the warp is impelled to permit the contraction to ensue is such thatI the effort to contract may expend itself substantially completely.

In Winding the warp on the beam, yvhich may be driven in anyway, the rotary vspeed of the beam is preferably so maintained that the warp will be wound on in more or less slack state so that if, as to vagrant threads of the warp, the size is not so completely dry that such threads would be sticky, the pressure incident to tension will not cause them to adhere to other threads.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The method of treating a warp of the class set forth which consists in directing the warp lengthwise of itself and meanwhile wetting it with a sizing solution and, at successive points within a heated drying zone, supporting the warp within and tractively impelling the same in substantially completely exposed state through said zone at such successively reduced and constant speeds that the warp-carried liquid of the solution will be substantially completely dispelled when the warp attains in its travel the last of said successive points and that the contracting effort of the portion of the warp at any time within said zone and anterior to the latter point may expend itself substantially completely.

2. The method of treating a warp of the class set forth which consists in directing the-warp lengthwise of itself and wetting it with a size solution and winding the warp in slack state and, at successive points within a heated drying zone between the points of wetting and winding the warp, supporting the warp within and tractively `impelling the same in substantially completely exposed state through said zone at such successively reduced and constant speeds that the warpcarried liquid of the solution will be substantially completely dispelled when the warp attains in its travel the last of said successive points and that the contracting effort of the portion of the warp at any time within said zone and anterior to the latter point may expend itself substantially completely.

WILLIAM HARRIS. 

